#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c,H,L;
printf(“Enter three integer : “);
scanf(“%d %d %d”,&a,&b,&c);
if(a<b)
{
for(H=(a=1;H–)
{
if(a%H==0 && c%H==0)
break;
}
printf(“HCF is:%d”,H);
}
if(b<a)
{
for(H=(b=1;H–)
{
if(b%H==0 && c%H==0)
break;
}
printf(“HCF is:%d”,H);
}
{
for(L=1;L<=abc;L++)
if(L%a==0 && L%b==0 && L%c==0)
break;
printf(“\nLCM is: %d”,L);
}
}
Gain is a measure of the ability of a two-port circuit (e.g. amplifier) to increase the power or amplitude of of the signal from the input to the output port. It is usually defined as the ratio of the signal amplitude or power at the output port to the amplitude or power at the input port.
Some common uses of transition elements are:
Individual Applications of Transition Elements:
a) Uses of Scandium(Sc-21)
b) Uses of Titanium(Ti-22)
c) Uses of Vanadium(V-23)
d) Uses of Chromium(Cr-24)
e) Uses of Manganese(Mn-25)
f) Uses of Iron(Fe-26)
g) Uses of Cobalt(Co-27)
h) Uses of Nickel(Ni-28)
i) Used of Copper(Cu-29)
j) Uses of Zinc(Zn-30)
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry(IUPAC) publication
Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry(1989), Blackwell Scientific Publishers,
contains the rules for the systematic naming of coordination compounds.
The basic rules are summarized here:
(1) Cationic part is named first followed by anionic part.
e.g K4[Fe(CN)6] 4K+ + [Fe(CN)6]4—
Here K+ is positive(cationic) part. So the name is Potassium hexacyanoferrate(II)
(2) Non-ionic or molecular complexes are given one word name.
e.g. in above complex hexacyanoferrate(II) is one word name.
(3) Naming of complexes starts from capital letter followed by small letter.
e.g. Potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) , Hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride.
(4) When writing the name of a complex, the ligands are quoted in alphabetical
order, regardless of their charges followed by central metal.
e.g. [CoCl(NH3)5]2+ Pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) ion
If the complex is represented by cation or anion, the word “ion” is written in the last.
(5) When writing the formula of complexes, the complex ion should be enclosed by square brackets. The metal is named first, then the coordinated groups are listed in the order: negative ligands, neutral ligands, positive ligands (and alphabetically according to the first symbol within each group).
(i) The names of negative ligands ends in -o, for example
F— fluoro H— hydrido HS— mercapto Cl-Chloro
OH— hydroxo S2— thio O2— oxo CN—Cyano
Br— Bromo O2
2— peroxo SO4
2—sulphato SO3
2— sulphito
NO3—nitrato
(ii) Neutral ligands have no special endings. Examples:
H2O = aqua, NH3 = ammine, O2 = dioxygen, CO= carbonyl, NO= nitrosyl
Organic ligands are usually given their common names as: phenyl, methyl, ethylenediamine, pyridine, triphenylphosphine.
(iii)Positive ligands end in -ium, examples:
NH2—NH2 hydrazinium, NO2 + nitronium
(6) Where there are several ligands of the same kind, the prefexes di-, tri- tetraare used to show the number of the ligands of that type. But the name of the ligand includes a number like -dipyridyl, ethylenediammine. In this case, bis-,
tris- , tetrakis-, pentakis- are used to avoid confusion and the name of the
ligand is enclosed in square brackets. Examples:
[Fe(C5H5)2] = Bis(cyclopentadienyl)iron(II)
(7) The oxidation state of the central metal is shown by a Roman numeral in brackets immediately following its name, example:-titanium(III)
(8) Complex positive ions and neutral molecules have no special ending but
complex negative ions end in -ate. Example:-
[CoCl(NH3)5]2+ Pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) ion
[Fe(CN)6]4— Hexacyanoferrate(II) ion
(9) If there are several ligands of different kind, they are named alphabetically
despite of the number. Examples:
K2[Cr(CN)2O2(O2)NH3] Potassium amminedicyanodioxoperoxochromate(vI)
Some Examples
Write IUPAC names of the given examples.
(i) [Ni(CO)4]0
Tetracarbonylnickel(0)
(ii) K4[Fe(CN)6] Potassium hexacyanoferrate(II)
(iii) Na[Ag(CN)2] Sodium dicyanosilver(I)
(iv) K2[HgI4 ] Potassium tetraiodomercurate(II)
(v) Na3[Al(C2O4)3] Sodium trioxalatoaluminate(III)
(vi) [Co(NH3)2(en)2]Cl3 Diamminebis(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) chloride
(vii) K3[Fe(C2O4)3] Potassium trioxalatoferrate(III)
(viii) [Co(NH3)5SO4]Br Pentaamminesulphatocobalt(III) bromide
(ix)[Cr(H2O)6]2+ Hexaaquachromium(II) ion
(x) [Ni(CN)4]2— Tetracyanonickelate(II) ion
(xi)[Fe(H2O)6 ]SO4 Hexaaquairon(II) sulphate
(xii)[Pt(Py)4] [PtCl4] Tetrapyridine platinum(II) tetrachloroplatinate(II)
When ice melts, its temperature does not rise and hence its kinetic energy remains constant. The amount of energy taken by the ice is used in deriving the molecules of ice apart and it is stored in the form of potential energy. Thus, heat can be said as a form of potential energy.
When the speed of car moving down the hill remains constant, its kinetic energy remains same. The gravitational potential energy is converted into internal energy of brake drums. This causes heating of brake drums.
The ordinary steam engines do nit satisfy the ideal conditions stated in carnot engine namely
1) Water does not absorb heat at constant temperature.
2) Condensation of steam takes place before adiabatic expansion is completed.
3) The valves of cylinder are not opened at right time.
4) Some heat escapes through conduction.
Thus efficiency of steam engines is low.
A refrigerator is a heat engine which works in opposite to other heat engines like petrol engine and diesel engine. Thus, a refrigerator extracts heat from the freezing chamber, some work is done on it by electric motor and rejects heat into the surrounding air, thus warming the air. Therefore if the door of a running refrigerator is left open, the room will not be cooled down but instead heated slightly.
Programming languages have been developed over the year in a phased manner. Each phase of developed has made the programming language more user-friendly, easier to use and more powerful. Each phase of improved made in the development of the programming languages can be referred to as a generation. The programming language in terms of their performance reliability and robustness can be grouped into five different generations,
1. First generation languages (1GL)
2. Second generation languages (2GL)
3. Third generation languages (3GL)
4. Fourth generation languages (4GL)
5. Fifth generation languages (5GL)
When the bus is moving, the man is in state of motion along with the bus. The velocity of man´s body is equal to that of the bus. As soon as he gets down and touches the platforms, his feet become stationary while the upper part of body tends to move forward due to inertia of motion and thus he falls forward. Hence, the man getting out of a moving bus has to run in the direction of the bus for some distance.
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